This section describes the functions that can be used to manipulate temporal values. See Section 11.3, “Date and Time Types”, for a description of the range of values each date and time type has and the valid formats in which values may be specified.
Table 12.13. Date/Time Functions
Name | Description |
---|---|
ADDDATE() | Add time values (intervals) to a date value |
ADDTIME() | Add time |
CONVERT_TZ() | Convert from one timezone to another |
CURDATE() | Return the current date |
CURRENT_DATE() , CURRENT_DATE | Synonyms for CURDATE() |
CURRENT_TIME() , CURRENT_TIME | Synonyms for CURTIME() |
CURRENT_TIMESTAMP() , CURRENT_TIMESTAMP | Synonyms for NOW() |
CURTIME() | Return the current time |
DATE_ADD() | Add time values (intervals) to a date value |
DATE_FORMAT() | Format date as specified |
DATE_SUB() | Subtract a time value (interval) from a date |
DATE() | Extract the date part of a date or datetime expression |
DATEDIFF() | Subtract two dates |
DAY() | Synonym for DAYOFMONTH() |
DAYNAME() | Return the name of the weekday |
DAYOFMONTH() | Return the day of the month (0-31) |
DAYOFWEEK() | Return the weekday index of the argument |
DAYOFYEAR() | Return the day of the year (1-366) |
EXTRACT() | Extract part of a date |
FROM_DAYS() | Convert a day number to a date |
FROM_UNIXTIME() | Format UNIX timestamp as a date |
GET_FORMAT() | Return a date format string |
HOUR() | Extract the hour |
LAST_DAY | Return the last day of the month for the argument |
LOCALTIME() , LOCALTIME | Synonym for NOW() |
LOCALTIMESTAMP , LOCALTIMESTAMP() | Synonym for NOW() |
MAKEDATE() | Create a date from the year and day of year |
MAKETIME | MAKETIME() |
MICROSECOND() | Return the microseconds from argument |
MINUTE() | Return the minute from the argument |
MONTH() | Return the month from the date passed |
MONTHNAME() | Return the name of the month |
NOW() | Return the current date and time |
PERIOD_ADD() | Add a period to a year-month |
PERIOD_DIFF() | Return the number of months between periods |
QUARTER() | Return the quarter from a date argument |
SEC_TO_TIME() | Converts seconds to 'HH:MM:SS' format |
SECOND() | Return the second (0-59) |
STR_TO_DATE() | Convert a string to a date |
SUBDATE() | A synonym for DATE_SUB() when invoked with three arguments |
SUBTIME() | Subtract times |
SYSDATE() | Return the time at which the function executes |
TIME_FORMAT() | Format as time |
TIME_TO_SEC() | Return the argument converted to seconds |
TIME() | Extract the time portion of the expression passed |
TIMEDIFF() | Subtract time |
TIMESTAMP() | With a single argument, this function returns the date or datetime expression; with two arguments, the sum of the arguments |
TIMESTAMPADD() | Add an interval to a datetime expression |
TIMESTAMPDIFF() | Subtract an interval from a datetime expression |
TO_DAYS() | Return the date argument converted to days |
TO_SECONDS() | Return the date or datetime argument converted to seconds since Year 0 |
UNIX_TIMESTAMP() | Return a UNIX timestamp |
UTC_DATE() | Return the current UTC date |
UTC_TIME() | Return the current UTC time |
UTC_TIMESTAMP() | Return the current UTC date and time |
WEEK() | Return the week number |
WEEKDAY() | Return the weekday index |
WEEKOFYEAR() | Return the calendar week of the date (0-53) |
YEAR() | Return the year |
YEARWEEK() | Return the year and week |
Here is an example that uses date functions. The following query selects all rows with a
date_col
value
from within the last 30 days:
mysql>The query also selects rows with dates that lie in the future.SELECT
->something
FROMtbl_name
WHERE DATE_SUB(CURDATE(),INTERVAL 30 DAY) <=
date_col
;
Functions that expect date values usually accept datetime values and ignore the time part. Functions that expect time values usually accept datetime values and ignore the date part.
Functions that return the current date or time each are evaluated only once per query at the start of query execution. This means that multiple references to a function such as
NOW()
within a single query always
produce the same result. (For our purposes, a single query also
includes a call to a stored program (stored routine, trigger, or
event) and all subprograms called by that program.) This principle
also applies to CURDATE()
,
CURTIME()
,
UTC_DATE()
,
UTC_TIME()
,
UTC_TIMESTAMP()
, and to any of
their synonyms.
The
CURRENT_TIMESTAMP()
,
CURRENT_TIME()
,
CURRENT_DATE()
, and
FROM_UNIXTIME()
functions return
values in the connection's current time zone, which is available
as the value of the time_zone
system variable. In addition,
UNIX_TIMESTAMP()
assumes that its
argument is a datetime value in the current time zone. See
Section 10.6, “MySQL Server Time Zone Support”.
Some date functions can be used with “zero” dates or incomplete dates such as
'2001-11-00'
, whereas
others cannot. Functions that extract parts of dates typically
work with incomplete dates and thus can return 0 when you might
otherwise expect a nonzero value. For example:
mysql> SELECT DAYOFMONTH('2001-11-00'), MONTH('2005-00-00');
-> 0, 0
Other functions expect complete dates and return
NULL
for incomplete dates. These include
functions that perform date arithmetic or that map parts of dates
to names. For example:
mysql>SELECT DATE_ADD('2006-05-00',INTERVAL 1 DAY);
-> NULL mysql>SELECT DAYNAME('2006-05-00');
-> NULL
Note
From MySQL 5.5.16 to 5.5.20, a change in handling of a
date-related assertion caused several functions to become more
strict when passed a DATE()
function value as their argument and reject incomplete dates
with a day part of zero. These functions are affected:
CONVERT_TZ()
,
DATE_ADD()
,
DATE_SUB()
,
DAYOFYEAR()
,
LAST_DAY()
,
TIMESTAMPDIFF()
,
TO_DAYS()
,
TO_SECONDS()
,
WEEK()
,
WEEKDAY()
,
WEEKOFYEAR()
,
YEARWEEK()
. Because this changes
date-handling behavior in General Availability-status series
MySQL 5.5, the change was reverted in 5.5.21.
-
ADDDATE(
,date
,INTERVALexpr
unit
)ADDDATE(
expr
,days
)
When invoked with theINTERVAL
form of the second argument,ADDDATE()
is a synonym forDATE_ADD()
. The related functionSUBDATE()
is a synonym forDATE_SUB()
. For information on theINTERVAL
unit
argument, see the discussion forDATE_ADD()
.
mysql>
When invoked with theSELECT DATE_ADD('2008-01-02', INTERVAL 31 DAY);
-> '2008-02-02' mysql>SELECT ADDDATE('2008-01-02', INTERVAL 31 DAY);
-> '2008-02-02'days
form of the second argument, MySQL treats it as an integer number of days to be added toexpr
.
mysql>
SELECT ADDDATE('2008-01-02', 31);
-> '2008-02-02' -
ADDTIME(
expr1
,expr2
)
ADDTIME()
addsexpr2
toexpr1
and returns the result.expr1
is a time or datetime expression, andexpr2
is a time expression.
mysql>
SELECT ADDTIME('2007-12-31 23:59:59.999999', '1 1:1:1.000002');
-> '2008-01-02 01:01:01.000001' mysql>SELECT ADDTIME('01:00:00.999999', '02:00:00.999998');
-> '03:00:01.999997' -
CONVERT_TZ(
dt
,from_tz
,to_tz
)
CONVERT_TZ()
converts a datetime valuedt
from the time zone given byfrom_tz
to the time zone given byto_tz
and returns the resulting value. Time zones are specified as described in Section 10.6, “MySQL Server Time Zone Support”. This function returnsNULL
if the arguments are invalid.
If the value falls out of the supported range of theTIMESTAMP
type when converted fromfrom_tz
to UTC, no conversion occurs. TheTIMESTAMP
range is described in Section 11.1.2, “Date and Time Type Overview”.
mysql>
SELECT CONVERT_TZ('2004-01-01 12:00:00','GMT','MET');
-> '2004-01-01 13:00:00' mysql>SELECT CONVERT_TZ('2004-01-01 12:00:00','+00:00','+10:00');
-> '2004-01-01 22:00:00'NoteTo use named time zones such as'MET'
or'Europe/Moscow'
, the time zone tables must be properly set up. See Section 10.6, “MySQL Server Time Zone Support”, for instructions. -
CURDATE()
Returns the current date as a value in'YYYY-MM-DD'
orYYYYMMDD
format, depending on whether the function is used in a string or numeric context.
mysql>
SELECT CURDATE();
-> '2008-06-13' mysql>SELECT CURDATE() + 0;
-> 20080613 -
CURRENT_DATE
,CURRENT_DATE()
CURRENT_DATE
andCURRENT_DATE()
are synonyms forCURDATE()
. -
CURRENT_TIME
,CURRENT_TIME()
CURRENT_TIME
andCURRENT_TIME()
are synonyms forCURTIME()
. -
CURRENT_TIMESTAMP
,CURRENT_TIMESTAMP()
CURRENT_TIMESTAMP
andCURRENT_TIMESTAMP()
are synonyms forNOW()
. -
CURTIME()
Returns the current time as a value in'HH:MM:SS'
orHHMMSS.uuuuuu
format, depending on whether the function is used in a string or numeric context. The value is expressed in the current time zone.
mysql>
SELECT CURTIME();
-> '23:50:26' mysql>SELECT CURTIME() + 0;
-> 235026.000000 -
DATE(
expr
)
Extracts the date part of the date or datetime expressionexpr
.
mysql>
SELECT DATE('2003-12-31 01:02:03');
-> '2003-12-31' -
DATEDIFF(
expr1
,expr2
)
DATEDIFF()
returnsexpr1
–expr2
expressed as a value in days from one date to the other.expr1
andexpr2
are date or date-and-time expressions. Only the date parts of the values are used in the calculation.
mysql>
SELECT DATEDIFF('2007-12-31 23:59:59','2007-12-30');
-> 1 mysql>SELECT DATEDIFF('2010-11-30 23:59:59','2010-12-31');
-> -31 -
DATE_ADD(
,date
,INTERVALexpr
unit
)DATE_SUB(
date
,INTERVALexpr
unit
)
These functions perform date arithmetic. Thedate
argument specifies the starting date or datetime value.expr
is an expression specifying the interval value to be added or subtracted from the starting date.expr
is a string; it may start with a “-
” for negative intervals.unit
is a keyword indicating the units in which the expression should be interpreted.
TheINTERVAL
keyword and theunit
specifier are not case sensitive.
The following table shows the expected form of theexpr
argument for eachunit
value.
unit
ValueExpected expr
FormatMICROSECOND
MICROSECONDS
SECOND
SECONDS
MINUTE
MINUTES
HOUR
HOURS
DAY
DAYS
WEEK
WEEKS
MONTH
MONTHS
QUARTER
QUARTERS
YEAR
YEARS
SECOND_MICROSECOND
'SECONDS.MICROSECONDS'
MINUTE_MICROSECOND
'MINUTES:SECONDS.MICROSECONDS'
MINUTE_SECOND
'MINUTES:SECONDS'
HOUR_MICROSECOND
'HOURS:MINUTES:SECONDS.MICROSECONDS'
HOUR_SECOND
'HOURS:MINUTES:SECONDS'
HOUR_MINUTE
'HOURS:MINUTES'
DAY_MICROSECOND
'DAYS HOURS:MINUTES:SECONDS.MICROSECONDS'
DAY_SECOND
'DAYS HOURS:MINUTES:SECONDS'
DAY_MINUTE
'DAYS HOURS:MINUTES'
DAY_HOUR
'DAYS HOURS'
YEAR_MONTH
'YEARS-MONTHS'
DATETIME
, you can useCAST()
to convert the first argument toDATETIME
.
MySQL permits any punctuation delimiter in theexpr
format. Those shown in the table are the suggested delimiters. If thedate
argument is aDATE
value and your calculations involve onlyYEAR
,MONTH
, andDAY
parts (that is, no time parts), the result is aDATE
value. Otherwise, the result is aDATETIME
value.
Date arithmetic also can be performed usingINTERVAL
together with the+
or-
operator:
date
+ INTERVALexpr
unit
date
- INTERVALexpr
unit
INTERVAL
is permitted on either side of theexpr
unit
+
operator if the expression on the other side is a date or datetime value. For the-
operator,INTERVAL
is permitted only on the right side, because it makes no sense to subtract a date or datetime value from an interval.expr
unit
mysql>
If you specify an interval value that is too short (does not include all the interval parts that would be expected from theSELECT '2008-12-31 23:59:59' + INTERVAL 1 SECOND;
-> '2009-01-01 00:00:00' mysql>SELECT INTERVAL 1 DAY + '2008-12-31';
-> '2009-01-01' mysql>SELECT '2005-01-01' - INTERVAL 1 SECOND;
-> '2004-12-31 23:59:59' mysql>SELECT DATE_ADD('2000-12-31 23:59:59',
->INTERVAL 1 SECOND);
-> '2001-01-01 00:00:00' mysql>SELECT DATE_ADD('2010-12-31 23:59:59',
->INTERVAL 1 DAY);
-> '2011-01-01 23:59:59' mysql>SELECT DATE_ADD('2100-12-31 23:59:59',
->INTERVAL '1:1' MINUTE_SECOND);
-> '2101-01-01 00:01:00' mysql>SELECT DATE_SUB('2005-01-01 00:00:00',
->INTERVAL '1 1:1:1' DAY_SECOND);
-> '2004-12-30 22:58:59' mysql>SELECT DATE_ADD('1900-01-01 00:00:00',
->INTERVAL '-1 10' DAY_HOUR);
-> '1899-12-30 14:00:00' mysql>SELECT DATE_SUB('1998-01-02', INTERVAL 31 DAY);
-> '1997-12-02' mysql>SELECT DATE_ADD('1992-12-31 23:59:59.000002',
->INTERVAL '1.999999' SECOND_MICROSECOND);
-> '1993-01-01 00:00:01.000001'unit
keyword), MySQL assumes that you have left out the leftmost parts of the interval value. For example, if you specify aunit
ofDAY_SECOND
, the value ofexpr
is expected to have days, hours, minutes, and seconds parts. If you specify a value like'1:10'
, MySQL assumes that the days and hours parts are missing and the value represents minutes and seconds. In other words,'1:10' DAY_SECOND
is interpreted in such a way that it is equivalent to'1:10' MINUTE_SECOND
. This is analogous to the way that MySQL interpretsTIME
values as representing elapsed time rather than as a time of day.
Becauseexpr
is treated as a string, be careful if you specify a nonstring value withINTERVAL
. For example, with an interval specifier ofHOUR_MINUTE
,6/4
evaluates to1.5000
and is treated as 1 hour, 5000 minutes:
mysql>
To ensure interpretation of the interval value as you expect, aSELECT 6/4;
-> 1.5000 mysql>SELECT DATE_ADD('2009-01-01', INTERVAL 6/4 HOUR_MINUTE);
-> '2009-01-04 12:20:00'CAST()
operation may be used. To treat6/4
as 1 hour, 5 minutes, cast it to aDECIMAL
value with a single fractional digit:
mysql>
If you add to or subtract from a date value something that contains a time part, the result is automatically converted to a datetime value:SELECT CAST(6/4 AS DECIMAL(3,1));
-> 1.5 mysql>SELECT DATE_ADD('1970-01-01 12:00:00',
->INTERVAL CAST(6/4 AS DECIMAL(3,1)) HOUR_MINUTE);
-> '1970-01-01 13:05:00'
mysql>
If you addSELECT DATE_ADD('2013-01-01', INTERVAL 1 DAY);
-> '2013-01-02' mysql>SELECT DATE_ADD('2013-01-01', INTERVAL 1 HOUR);
-> '2013-01-01 01:00:00'MONTH
,YEAR_MONTH
, orYEAR
and the resulting date has a day that is larger than the maximum day for the new month, the day is adjusted to the maximum days in the new month:
mysql>
Date arithmetic operations require complete dates and do not work with incomplete dates such asSELECT DATE_ADD('2009-01-30', INTERVAL 1 MONTH);
-> '2009-02-28''2006-07-00'
or badly malformed dates:
mysql>
SELECT DATE_ADD('2006-07-00', INTERVAL 1 DAY);
-> NULL mysql>SELECT '2005-03-32' + INTERVAL 1 MONTH;
-> NULL -
DATE_FORMAT(
date
,format
)
Formats thedate
value according to theformat
string.
The following specifiers may be used in theformat
string. The “%
” character is required before format specifier characters.
Specifier Description %a
Abbreviated weekday name ( Sun
..Sat
)%b
Abbreviated month name ( Jan
..Dec
)%c
Month, numeric ( 0
..12
)%D
Day of the month with English suffix ( 0th
,1st
,2nd
,3rd
, …)%d
Day of the month, numeric ( 00
..31
)%e
Day of the month, numeric ( 0
..31
)%f
Microseconds ( 000000
..999999
)%H
Hour ( 00
..23
)%h
Hour ( 01
..12
)%I
Hour ( 01
..12
)%i
Minutes, numeric ( 00
..59
)%j
Day of year ( 001
..366
)%k
Hour ( 0
..23
)%l
Hour ( 1
..12
)%M
Month name ( January
..December
)%m
Month, numeric ( 00
..12
)%p
AM
orPM
%r
Time, 12-hour ( hh:mm:ss
followed byAM
orPM
)%S
Seconds ( 00
..59
)%s
Seconds ( 00
..59
)%T
Time, 24-hour ( hh:mm:ss
)%U
Week ( 00
..53
), where Sunday is the first day of the week%u
Week ( 00
..53
), where Monday is the first day of the week%V
Week ( 01
..53
), where Sunday is the first day of the week; used with%X
%v
Week ( 01
..53
), where Monday is the first day of the week; used with%x
%W
Weekday name ( Sunday
..Saturday
)%w
Day of the week ( 0
=Sunday..6
=Saturday)%X
Year for the week where Sunday is the first day of the week, numeric, four digits; used with %V
%x
Year for the week, where Monday is the first day of the week, numeric, four digits; used with %v
%Y
Year, numeric, four digits %y
Year, numeric (two digits) %%
A literal “ %
” character%
x
x
, for any “x
” not listed above'2014-00-00'
.
The language used for day and month names and abbreviations is controlled by the value of thelc_time_names
system variable (Section 10.7, “MySQL Server Locale Support”).
DATE_FORMAT()
returns a string with a character set and collation given bycharacter_set_connection
andcollation_connection
so that it can return month and weekday names containing non-ASCII characters.
mysql>
SELECT DATE_FORMAT('2009-10-04 22:23:00', '%W %M %Y');
-> 'Sunday October 2009' mysql>SELECT DATE_FORMAT('2007-10-04 22:23:00', '%H:%i:%s');
-> '22:23:00' mysql>SELECT DATE_FORMAT('1900-10-04 22:23:00',
->'%D %y %a %d %m %b %j');
-> '4th 00 Thu 04 10 Oct 277' mysql>SELECT DATE_FORMAT('1997-10-04 22:23:00',
->'%H %k %I %r %T %S %w');
-> '22 22 10 10:23:00 PM 22:23:00 00 6' mysql>SELECT DATE_FORMAT('1999-01-01', '%X %V');
-> '1998 52' mysql>SELECT DATE_FORMAT('2006-06-00', '%d');
-> '00' -
DATE_SUB(
date
,INTERVALexpr
unit
)
See the description forDATE_ADD()
. -
DAY(
date
)
DAY()
is a synonym forDAYOFMONTH()
. -
DAYNAME(
date
)
Returns the name of the weekday fordate
. The language used for the name is controlled by the value of thelc_time_names
system variable (Section 10.7, “MySQL Server Locale Support”).
mysql>
SELECT DAYNAME('2007-02-03');
-> 'Saturday' -
DAYOFMONTH(
date
)
Returns the day of the month fordate
, in the range1
to31
, or0
for dates such as'0000-00-00'
or'2008-00-00'
that have a zero day part.
mysql>
SELECT DAYOFMONTH('2007-02-03');
-> 3 -
DAYOFWEEK(
date
)
Returns the weekday index fordate
(1
= Sunday,2
= Monday, …,7
= Saturday). These index values correspond to the ODBC standard.
mysql>
SELECT DAYOFWEEK('2007-02-03');
-> 7 -
DAYOFYEAR(
date
)
Returns the day of the year fordate
, in the range1
to366
.
mysql>
SELECT DAYOFYEAR('2007-02-03');
-> 34 -
EXTRACT(
unit
FROMdate
)
TheEXTRACT()
function uses the same kinds of unit specifiers asDATE_ADD()
orDATE_SUB()
, but extracts parts from the date rather than performing date arithmetic.
mysql>
SELECT EXTRACT(YEAR FROM '2009-07-02');
-> 2009 mysql>SELECT EXTRACT(YEAR_MONTH FROM '2009-07-02 01:02:03');
-> 200907 mysql>SELECT EXTRACT(DAY_MINUTE FROM '2009-07-02 01:02:03');
-> 20102 mysql>SELECT EXTRACT(MICROSECOND
->FROM '2003-01-02 10:30:00.000123');
-> 123 -
FROM_DAYS(
N
)
Given a day numberN
, returns aDATE
value.
mysql>
UseSELECT FROM_DAYS(730669);
-> '2007-07-03'FROM_DAYS()
with caution on old dates. It is not intended for use with values that precede the advent of the Gregorian calendar (1582). See Section 12.8, “What Calendar Is Used By MySQL?”. -
FROM_UNIXTIME(
,unix_timestamp
)FROM_UNIXTIME(
unix_timestamp
,format
)
Returns a representation of theunix_timestamp
argument as a value in'YYYY-MM-DD HH:MM:SS'
orYYYYMMDDHHMMSS.uuuuuu
format, depending on whether the function is used in a string or numeric context. The value is expressed in the current time zone.unix_timestamp
is an internal timestamp value such as is produced by theUNIX_TIMESTAMP()
function.
Ifformat
is given, the result is formatted according to theformat
string, which is used the same way as listed in the entry for theDATE_FORMAT()
function.
mysql>
Note: If you useSELECT FROM_UNIXTIME(1196440219);
-> '2007-11-30 10:30:19' mysql>SELECT FROM_UNIXTIME(1196440219) + 0;
-> 20071130103019.000000 mysql>SELECT FROM_UNIXTIME(UNIX_TIMESTAMP(),
->'%Y %D %M %h:%i:%s %x');
-> '2007 30th November 10:30:59 2007'UNIX_TIMESTAMP()
andFROM_UNIXTIME()
to convert betweenTIMESTAMP
values and Unix timestamp values, the conversion is lossy because the mapping is not one-to-one in both directions. For details, see the description of theUNIX_TIMESTAMP()
function. -
GET_FORMAT({DATE|TIME|DATETIME}, {'EUR'|'USA'|'JIS'|'ISO'|'INTERNAL'})
Returns a format string. This function is useful in combination with theDATE_FORMAT()
and theSTR_TO_DATE()
functions.
The possible values for the first and second arguments result in several possible format strings (for the specifiers used, see the table in theDATE_FORMAT()
function description). ISO format refers to ISO 9075, not ISO 8601.
Function Call Result GET_FORMAT(DATE,'USA')
'%m.%d.%Y'
GET_FORMAT(DATE,'JIS')
'%Y-%m-%d'
GET_FORMAT(DATE,'ISO')
'%Y-%m-%d'
GET_FORMAT(DATE,'EUR')
'%d.%m.%Y'
GET_FORMAT(DATE,'INTERNAL')
'%Y%m%d'
GET_FORMAT(DATETIME,'USA')
'%Y-%m-%d %H.%i.%s'
GET_FORMAT(DATETIME,'JIS')
'%Y-%m-%d %H:%i:%s'
GET_FORMAT(DATETIME,'ISO')
'%Y-%m-%d %H:%i:%s'
GET_FORMAT(DATETIME,'EUR')
'%Y-%m-%d %H.%i.%s'
GET_FORMAT(DATETIME,'INTERNAL')
'%Y%m%d%H%i%s'
GET_FORMAT(TIME,'USA')
'%h:%i:%s %p'
GET_FORMAT(TIME,'JIS')
'%H:%i:%s'
GET_FORMAT(TIME,'ISO')
'%H:%i:%s'
GET_FORMAT(TIME,'EUR')
'%H.%i.%s'
GET_FORMAT(TIME,'INTERNAL')
'%H%i%s'
TIMESTAMP
can also be used as the first argument toGET_FORMAT()
, in which case the function returns the same values as forDATETIME
.
mysql>
SELECT DATE_FORMAT('2003-10-03',GET_FORMAT(DATE,'EUR'));
-> '03.10.2003' mysql>SELECT STR_TO_DATE('10.31.2003',GET_FORMAT(DATE,'USA'));
-> '2003-10-31' -
HOUR(
time
)
Returns the hour fortime
. The range of the return value is0
to23
for time-of-day values. However, the range ofTIME
values actually is much larger, soHOUR
can return values greater than23
.
mysql>
SELECT HOUR('10:05:03');
-> 10 mysql>SELECT HOUR('272:59:59');
-> 272 -
LAST_DAY(
date
)
Takes a date or datetime value and returns the corresponding value for the last day of the month. ReturnsNULL
if the argument is invalid.
mysql>
SELECT LAST_DAY('2003-02-05');
-> '2003-02-28' mysql>SELECT LAST_DAY('2004-02-05');
-> '2004-02-29' mysql>SELECT LAST_DAY('2004-01-01 01:01:01');
-> '2004-01-31' mysql>SELECT LAST_DAY('2003-03-32');
-> NULL -
LOCALTIME
,LOCALTIME()
LOCALTIME
andLOCALTIME()
are synonyms forNOW()
. -
LOCALTIMESTAMP
,LOCALTIMESTAMP()
LOCALTIMESTAMP
andLOCALTIMESTAMP()
are synonyms forNOW()
. -
MAKEDATE(
year
,dayofyear
)
Returns a date, given year and day-of-year values.dayofyear
must be greater than 0 or the result isNULL
.
mysql>
SELECT MAKEDATE(2011,31), MAKEDATE(2011,32);
-> '2011-01-31', '2011-02-01' mysql>SELECT MAKEDATE(2011,365), MAKEDATE(2014,365);
-> '2011-12-31', '2014-12-31' mysql>SELECT MAKEDATE(2011,0);
-> NULL -
MAKETIME(
hour
,minute
,second
)
Returns a time value calculated from thehour
,minute
, andsecond
arguments.
mysql>
SELECT MAKETIME(12,15,30);
-> '12:15:30' -
MICROSECOND(
expr
)
Returns the microseconds from the time or datetime expressionexpr
as a number in the range from0
to999999
.
mysql>
SELECT MICROSECOND('12:00:00.123456');
-> 123456 mysql>SELECT MICROSECOND('2009-12-31 23:59:59.000010');
-> 10 -
MINUTE(
time
)
Returns the minute fortime
, in the range0
to59
.
mysql>
SELECT MINUTE('2008-02-03 10:05:03');
-> 5 -
MONTH(
date
)
Returns the month fordate
, in the range1
to12
for January to December, or0
for dates such as'0000-00-00'
or'2008-00-00'
that have a zero month part.
mysql>
SELECT MONTH('2008-02-03');
-> 2 -
MONTHNAME(
date
)
Returns the full name of the month fordate
. The language used for the name is controlled by the value of thelc_time_names
system variable (Section 10.7, “MySQL Server Locale Support”).
mysql>
SELECT MONTHNAME('2008-02-03');
-> 'February' -
NOW()
Returns the current date and time as a value in'YYYY-MM-DD HH:MM:SS'
orYYYYMMDDHHMMSS.uuuuuu
format, depending on whether the function is used in a string or numeric context. The value is expressed in the current time zone.
mysql>
SELECT NOW();
-> '2007-12-15 23:50:26' mysql>SELECT NOW() + 0;
-> 20071215235026.000000NOW()
returns a constant time that indicates the time at which the statement began to execute. (Within a stored function or trigger,NOW()
returns the time at which the function or triggering statement began to execute.) This differs from the behavior forSYSDATE()
, which returns the exact time at which it executes.
mysql>
In addition, theSELECT NOW(), SLEEP(2), NOW();
+---------------------+----------+---------------------+ | NOW() | SLEEP(2) | NOW() | +---------------------+----------+---------------------+ | 2006-04-12 13:47:36 | 0 | 2006-04-12 13:47:36 | +---------------------+----------+---------------------+ mysql>SELECT SYSDATE(), SLEEP(2), SYSDATE();
+---------------------+----------+---------------------+ | SYSDATE() | SLEEP(2) | SYSDATE() | +---------------------+----------+---------------------+ | 2006-04-12 13:47:44 | 0 | 2006-04-12 13:47:46 | +---------------------+----------+---------------------+SET TIMESTAMP
statement affects the value returned byNOW()
but not bySYSDATE()
. This means that timestamp settings in the binary log have no effect on invocations ofSYSDATE()
. Setting the timestamp to a nonzero value causes each subsequent invocation ofNOW()
to return that value. Setting the timestamp to zero cancels this effect so thatNOW()
once again returns the current date and time.
See the description forSYSDATE()
for additional information about the differences between the two functions. -
PERIOD_ADD(
P
,N
)
AddsN
months to periodP
(in the formatYYMM
orYYYYMM
). Returns a value in the formatYYYYMM
. Note that the period argumentP
is not a date value.
mysql>
SELECT PERIOD_ADD(200801,2);
-> 200803 -
PERIOD_DIFF(
P1
,P2
)
Returns the number of months between periodsP1
andP2
.P1
andP2
should be in the formatYYMM
orYYYYMM
. Note that the period argumentsP1
andP2
are not date values.
mysql>
SELECT PERIOD_DIFF(200802,200703);
-> 11 -
QUARTER(
date
)
Returns the quarter of the year fordate
, in the range1
to4
.
mysql>
SELECT QUARTER('2008-04-01');
-> 2 -
SECOND(
time
)
Returns the second fortime
, in the range0
to59
.
mysql>
SELECT SECOND('10:05:03');
-> 3 -
SEC_TO_TIME(
seconds
)
Returns theseconds
argument, converted to hours, minutes, and seconds, as aTIME
value. The range of the result is constrained to that of theTIME
data type. A warning occurs if the argument corresponds to a value outside that range.
mysql>
SELECT SEC_TO_TIME(2378);
-> '00:39:38' mysql>SELECT SEC_TO_TIME(2378) + 0;
-> 3938 -
STR_TO_DATE(
str
,format
)
This is the inverse of theDATE_FORMAT()
function. It takes a stringstr
and a format stringformat
.STR_TO_DATE()
returns aDATETIME
value if the format string contains both date and time parts, or aDATE
orTIME
value if the string contains only date or time parts. If the date, time, or datetime value extracted fromstr
is illegal,STR_TO_DATE()
returnsNULL
and produces a warning.
The server scansstr
attempting to matchformat
to it. The format string can contain literal characters and format specifiers beginning with%
. Literal characters informat
must match literally instr
. Format specifiers informat
must match a date or time part instr
. For the specifiers that can be used informat
, see theDATE_FORMAT()
function description.
mysql>
Scanning starts at the beginning ofSELECT STR_TO_DATE('01,5,2013','%d,%m,%Y');
-> '2013-05-01' mysql>SELECT STR_TO_DATE('May 1, 2013','%M %d,%Y');
-> '2013-05-01'str
and fails ifformat
is found not to match. Extra characters at the end ofstr
are ignored.
mysql>
Unspecified date or time parts have a value of 0, so incompletely specified values inSELECT STR_TO_DATE('a09:30:17','a%h:%i:%s');
-> '09:30:17' mysql>SELECT STR_TO_DATE('a09:30:17','%h:%i:%s');
-> NULL mysql>SELECT STR_TO_DATE('09:30:17a','%h:%i:%s');
-> '09:30:17'str
produce a result with some or all parts set to 0:
mysql>
Range checking on the parts of date values is as described in Section 11.3.1, “TheSELECT STR_TO_DATE('abc','abc');
-> '0000-00-00' mysql>SELECT STR_TO_DATE('9','%m');
-> '0000-09-00' mysql>SELECT STR_TO_DATE('9','%s');
-> '00:00:09'DATE
,DATETIME
, andTIMESTAMP
Types”. This means, for example, that “zero” dates or dates with part values of 0 are permitted unless the SQL mode is set to disallow such values.
mysql>
SELECT STR_TO_DATE('00/00/0000', '%m/%d/%Y');
-> '0000-00-00' mysql>SELECT STR_TO_DATE('04/31/2004', '%m/%d/%Y');
-> '2004-04-31'NoteYou cannot use format"%X%V"
to convert a year-week string to a date because the combination of a year and week does not uniquely identify a year and month if the week crosses a month boundary. To convert a year-week to a date, you should also specify the weekday:
mysql>
SELECT STR_TO_DATE('200442 Monday', '%X%V %W');
-> '2004-10-18' -
SUBDATE(
,date
,INTERVALexpr
unit
)SUBDATE(
expr
,days
)
When invoked with theINTERVAL
form of the second argument,SUBDATE()
is a synonym forDATE_SUB()
. For information on theINTERVAL
unit
argument, see the discussion forDATE_ADD()
.
mysql>
The second form enables the use of an integer value forSELECT DATE_SUB('2008-01-02', INTERVAL 31 DAY);
-> '2007-12-02' mysql>SELECT SUBDATE('2008-01-02', INTERVAL 31 DAY);
-> '2007-12-02'days
. In such cases, it is interpreted as the number of days to be subtracted from the date or datetime expressionexpr
.
mysql>
SELECT SUBDATE('2008-01-02 12:00:00', 31);
-> '2007-12-02 12:00:00' -
SUBTIME(
expr1
,expr2
)
SUBTIME()
returnsexpr1
–expr2
expressed as a value in the same format asexpr1
.expr1
is a time or datetime expression, andexpr2
is a time expression.
mysql>
SELECT SUBTIME('2007-12-31 23:59:59.999999','1 1:1:1.000002');
-> '2007-12-30 22:58:58.999997' mysql>SELECT SUBTIME('01:00:00.999999', '02:00:00.999998');
-> '-00:59:59.999999' -
SYSDATE()
Returns the current date and time as a value in'YYYY-MM-DD HH:MM:SS'
orYYYYMMDDHHMMSS.uuuuuu
format, depending on whether the function is used in a string or numeric context.
SYSDATE()
returns the time at which it executes. This differs from the behavior forNOW()
, which returns a constant time that indicates the time at which the statement began to execute. (Within a stored function or trigger,NOW()
returns the time at which the function or triggering statement began to execute.)
mysql>
In addition, theSELECT NOW(), SLEEP(2), NOW();
+---------------------+----------+---------------------+ | NOW() | SLEEP(2) | NOW() | +---------------------+----------+---------------------+ | 2006-04-12 13:47:36 | 0 | 2006-04-12 13:47:36 | +---------------------+----------+---------------------+ mysql>SELECT SYSDATE(), SLEEP(2), SYSDATE();
+---------------------+----------+---------------------+ | SYSDATE() | SLEEP(2) | SYSDATE() | +---------------------+----------+---------------------+ | 2006-04-12 13:47:44 | 0 | 2006-04-12 13:47:46 | +---------------------+----------+---------------------+SET TIMESTAMP
statement affects the value returned byNOW()
but not bySYSDATE()
. This means that timestamp settings in the binary log have no effect on invocations ofSYSDATE()
.
BecauseSYSDATE()
can return different values even within the same statement, and is not affected bySET TIMESTAMP
, it is nondeterministic and therefore unsafe for replication if statement-based binary logging is used. If that is a problem, you can use row-based logging.
Alternatively, you can use the--sysdate-is-now
option to causeSYSDATE()
to be an alias forNOW()
. This works if the option is used on both the master and the slave.
The nondeterministic nature ofSYSDATE()
also means that indexes cannot be used for evaluating expressions that refer to it. -
TIME(
expr
)
Extracts the time part of the time or datetime expressionexpr
and returns it as a string.
This function is unsafe for statement-based replication. Beginning with MySQL 5.5.1, a warning is logged if you use this function whenbinlog_format
is set toSTATEMENT
. (Bug #47995)
mysql>
SELECT TIME('2003-12-31 01:02:03');
-> '01:02:03' mysql>SELECT TIME('2003-12-31 01:02:03.000123');
-> '01:02:03.000123' -
TIMEDIFF(
expr1
,expr2
)
TIMEDIFF()
returnsexpr1
–expr2
expressed as a time value.expr1
andexpr2
are time or date-and-time expressions, but both must be of the same type.
The result returned byTIMEDIFF()
is limited to the range allowed forTIME
values. Alternatively, you can use either of the functionsTIMESTAMPDIFF()
andUNIX_TIMESTAMP()
, both of which return integers.
mysql>
SELECT TIMEDIFF('2000:01:01 00:00:00',
->'2000:01:01 00:00:00.000001');
-> '-00:00:00.000001' mysql>SELECT TIMEDIFF('2008-12-31 23:59:59.000001',
->'2008-12-30 01:01:01.000002');
-> '46:58:57.999999' -
TIMESTAMP(
,expr
)TIMESTAMP(
expr1
,expr2
)
With a single argument, this function returns the date or datetime expressionexpr
as a datetime value. With two arguments, it adds the time expressionexpr2
to the date or datetime expressionexpr1
and returns the result as a datetime value.
mysql>
SELECT TIMESTAMP('2003-12-31');
-> '2003-12-31 00:00:00' mysql>SELECT TIMESTAMP('2003-12-31 12:00:00','12:00:00');
-> '2004-01-01 00:00:00' -
TIMESTAMPADD(
unit
,interval
,datetime_expr
)
Adds the integer expressioninterval
to the date or datetime expressiondatetime_expr
. The unit forinterval
is given by theunit
argument, which should be one of the following values:MICROSECOND
(microseconds),SECOND
,MINUTE
,HOUR
,DAY
,WEEK
,MONTH
,QUARTER
, orYEAR
.
It is possible to useFRAC_SECOND
in place ofMICROSECOND
, butFRAC_SECOND
is deprecated.FRAC_SECOND
was removed in MySQL 5.5.3.
Theunit
value may be specified using one of keywords as shown, or with a prefix ofSQL_TSI_
. For example,DAY
andSQL_TSI_DAY
both are legal.
mysql>
SELECT TIMESTAMPADD(MINUTE,1,'2003-01-02');
-> '2003-01-02 00:01:00' mysql>SELECT TIMESTAMPADD(WEEK,1,'2003-01-02');
-> '2003-01-09' -
TIMESTAMPDIFF(
unit
,datetime_expr1
,datetime_expr2
)
Returnsdatetime_expr2
–datetime_expr1
, wheredatetime_expr1
anddatetime_expr2
are date or datetime expressions. One expression may be a date and the other a datetime; a date value is treated as a datetime having the time part'00:00:00'
where necessary. The unit for the result (an integer) is given by theunit
argument. The legal values forunit
are the same as those listed in the description of theTIMESTAMPADD()
function.
mysql>
SELECT TIMESTAMPDIFF(MONTH,'2003-02-01','2003-05-01');
-> 3 mysql>SELECT TIMESTAMPDIFF(YEAR,'2002-05-01','2001-01-01');
-> -1 mysql>SELECT TIMESTAMPDIFF(MINUTE,'2003-02-01','2003-05-01 12:05:55');
-> 128885NoteThe order of the date or datetime arguments for this function is the opposite of that used with theTIMESTAMP()
function when invoked with 2 arguments. -
TIME_FORMAT(
time
,format
)
This is used like theDATE_FORMAT()
function, but theformat
string may contain format specifiers only for hours, minutes, seconds, and microseconds. Other specifiers produce aNULL
value or0
.
If thetime
value contains an hour part that is greater than23
, the%H
and%k
hour format specifiers produce a value larger than the usual range of0..23
. The other hour format specifiers produce the hour value modulo 12.
mysql>
SELECT TIME_FORMAT('100:00:00', '%H %k %h %I %l');
-> '100 100 04 04 4' -
TIME_TO_SEC(
time
)
Returns thetime
argument, converted to seconds.
mysql>
SELECT TIME_TO_SEC('22:23:00');
-> 80580 mysql>SELECT TIME_TO_SEC('00:39:38');
-> 2378 -
TO_DAYS(
date
)
Given a datedate
, returns a day number (the number of days since year 0).
mysql>
SELECT TO_DAYS(950501);
-> 728779 mysql>SELECT TO_DAYS('2007-10-07');
-> 733321TO_DAYS()
is not intended for use with values that precede the advent of the Gregorian calendar (1582), because it does not take into account the days that were lost when the calendar was changed. For dates before 1582 (and possibly a later year in other locales), results from this function are not reliable. See Section 12.8, “What Calendar Is Used By MySQL?”, for details.
Remember that MySQL converts two-digit year values in dates to four-digit form using the rules in Section 11.3, “Date and Time Types”. For example,'2008-10-07'
and'08-10-07'
are seen as identical dates:
mysql>
In MySQL, the zero date is defined asSELECT TO_DAYS('2008-10-07'), TO_DAYS('08-10-07');
-> 733687, 733687'0000-00-00'
, even though this date is itself considered invalid. This means that, for'0000-00-00'
and'0000-01-01'
,TO_DAYS()
returns the values shown here:
mysql>
This is true whether or not theSELECT TO_DAYS('0000-00-00');
+-----------------------+ | to_days('0000-00-00') | +-----------------------+ | NULL | +-----------------------+ 1 row in set, 1 warning (0.00 sec) mysql>SHOW WARNINGS;
+---------+------+----------------------------------------+ | Level | Code | Message | +---------+------+----------------------------------------+ | Warning | 1292 | Incorrect datetime value: '0000-00-00' | +---------+------+----------------------------------------+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec) mysql>SELECT TO_DAYS('0000-01-01');
+-----------------------+ | to_days('0000-01-01') | +-----------------------+ | 1 | +-----------------------+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec)ALLOW_INVALID_DATES
SQL server mode is enabled. -
TO_SECONDS(
expr
)
Given a date or datetimeexpr
, returns a the number of seconds since the year 0. Ifexpr
is not a valid date or datetime value, returnsNULL
.
mysql>
LikeSELECT TO_SECONDS(950501);
-> 62966505600 mysql>SELECT TO_SECONDS('2009-11-29');
-> 63426672000 mysql>SELECT TO_SECONDS('2009-11-29 13:43:32');
-> 63426721412 mysql>SELECT TO_SECONDS( NOW() );
-> 63426721458TO_DAYS()
,TO_SECONDS()
is not intended for use with values that precede the advent of the Gregorian calendar (1582), because it does not take into account the days that were lost when the calendar was changed. For dates before 1582 (and possibly a later year in other locales), results from this function are not reliable. See Section 12.8, “What Calendar Is Used By MySQL?”, for details.
LikeTO_DAYS()
,TO_SECONDS()
, converts two-digit year values in dates to four-digit form using the rules in Section 11.3, “Date and Time Types”.
TO_SECONDS()
is available beginning with MySQL 5.5.0.
In MySQL, the zero date is defined as'0000-00-00'
, even though this date is itself considered invalid. This means that, for'0000-00-00'
and'0000-01-01'
,TO_SECONDS()
returns the values shown here:
mysql>
This is true whether or not theSELECT TO_SECONDS('0000-00-00');
+--------------------------+ | TO_SECONDS('0000-00-00') | +--------------------------+ | NULL | +--------------------------+ 1 row in set, 1 warning (0.00 sec) mysql>SHOW WARNINGS;
+---------+------+----------------------------------------+ | Level | Code | Message | +---------+------+----------------------------------------+ | Warning | 1292 | Incorrect datetime value: '0000-00-00' | +---------+------+----------------------------------------+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec) mysql>SELECT TO_SECONDS('0000-01-01');
+--------------------------+ | TO_SECONDS('0000-01-01') | +--------------------------+ | 86400 | +--------------------------+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec)ALLOW_INVALID_DATES
SQL server mode is enabled. -
UNIX_TIMESTAMP()
,UNIX_TIMESTAMP(
date
)
If called with no argument, returns a Unix timestamp (seconds since'1970-01-01 00:00:00'
UTC) as an unsigned integer. IfUNIX_TIMESTAMP()
is called with adate
argument, it returns the value of the argument as seconds since'1970-01-01 00:00:00'
UTC.date
may be aDATE
string, aDATETIME
string, aTIMESTAMP
, or a number in the formatYYMMDD
orYYYYMMDD
. The server interpretsdate
as a value in the current time zone and converts it to an internal value in UTC. Clients can set their time zone as described in Section 10.6, “MySQL Server Time Zone Support”.
mysql>
WhenSELECT UNIX_TIMESTAMP();
-> 1196440210 mysql>SELECT UNIX_TIMESTAMP('2007-11-30 10:30:19');
-> 1196440219UNIX_TIMESTAMP()
is used on aTIMESTAMP
column, the function returns the internal timestamp value directly, with no implicit “string-to-Unix-timestamp” conversion. If you pass an out-of-range date toUNIX_TIMESTAMP()
, it returns0
.
Note: If you useUNIX_TIMESTAMP()
andFROM_UNIXTIME()
to convert betweenTIMESTAMP
values and Unix timestamp values, the conversion is lossy because the mapping is not one-to-one in both directions. For example, due to conventions for local time zone changes, it is possible for twoUNIX_TIMESTAMP()
to map twoTIMESTAMP
values to the same Unix timestamp value.FROM_UNIXTIME()
will map that value back to only one of the originalTIMESTAMP
values. Here is an example, usingTIMESTAMP
values in theCET
time zone:
mysql>
If you want to subtractSELECT UNIX_TIMESTAMP('2005-03-27 03:00:00');
+---------------------------------------+ | UNIX_TIMESTAMP('2005-03-27 03:00:00') | +---------------------------------------+ | 1111885200 | +---------------------------------------+ mysql>SELECT UNIX_TIMESTAMP('2005-03-27 02:00:00');
+---------------------------------------+ | UNIX_TIMESTAMP('2005-03-27 02:00:00') | +---------------------------------------+ | 1111885200 | +---------------------------------------+ mysql>SELECT FROM_UNIXTIME(1111885200);
+---------------------------+ | FROM_UNIXTIME(1111885200) | +---------------------------+ | 2005-03-27 03:00:00 | +---------------------------+UNIX_TIMESTAMP()
columns, you might want to cast the result to signed integers. See Section 12.10, “Cast Functions and Operators”. -
UTC_DATE
,UTC_DATE()
Returns the current UTC date as a value in'YYYY-MM-DD'
orYYYYMMDD
format, depending on whether the function is used in a string or numeric context.
mysql>
SELECT UTC_DATE(), UTC_DATE() + 0;
-> '2003-08-14', 20030814 -
UTC_TIME
,UTC_TIME()
Returns the current UTC time as a value in'HH:MM:SS'
orHHMMSS.uuuuuu
format, depending on whether the function is used in a string or numeric context.
mysql>
SELECT UTC_TIME(), UTC_TIME() + 0;
-> '18:07:53', 180753.000000 -
UTC_TIMESTAMP
,UTC_TIMESTAMP()
Returns the current UTC date and time as a value in'YYYY-MM-DD HH:MM:SS'
orYYYYMMDDHHMMSS.uuuuuu
format, depending on whether the function is used in a string or numeric context.
mysql>
SELECT UTC_TIMESTAMP(), UTC_TIMESTAMP() + 0;
-> '2003-08-14 18:08:04', 20030814180804.000000 -
WEEK(
date
[,mode
])
This function returns the week number fordate
. The two-argument form ofWEEK()
enables you to specify whether the week starts on Sunday or Monday and whether the return value should be in the range from0
to53
or from1
to53
. If themode
argument is omitted, the value of thedefault_week_format
system variable is used. See Section 5.1.4, “Server System Variables”.
The following table describes how themode
argument works.
Mode First day of week Range Week 1 is the first week … 0 Sunday 0-53 with a Sunday in this year 1 Monday 0-53 with more than 3 days this year 2 Sunday 1-53 with a Sunday in this year 3 Monday 1-53 with more than 3 days this year 4 Sunday 0-53 with more than 3 days this year 5 Monday 0-53 with a Monday in this year 6 Sunday 1-53 with more than 3 days this year 7 Monday 1-53 with a Monday in this year mysql>
Note that if a date falls in the last week of the previous year, MySQL returnsSELECT WEEK('2008-02-20');
-> 7 mysql>SELECT WEEK('2008-02-20',0);
-> 7 mysql>SELECT WEEK('2008-02-20',1);
-> 8 mysql>SELECT WEEK('2008-12-31',1);
-> 530
if you do not use2
,3
,6
, or7
as the optionalmode
argument:
mysql>
One might argue that MySQL should returnSELECT YEAR('2000-01-01'), WEEK('2000-01-01',0);
-> 2000, 052
for theWEEK()
function, because the given date actually occurs in the 52nd week of 1999. We decided to return0
instead because we want the function to return “the week number in the given year.” This makes use of theWEEK()
function reliable when combined with other functions that extract a date part from a date.
If you would prefer the result to be evaluated with respect to the year that contains the first day of the week for the given date, use0
,2
,5
, or7
as the optionalmode
argument.
mysql>
Alternatively, use theSELECT WEEK('2000-01-01',2);
-> 52YEARWEEK()
function:
mysql>
SELECT YEARWEEK('2000-01-01');
-> 199952 mysql>SELECT MID(YEARWEEK('2000-01-01'),5,2);
-> '52' -
WEEKDAY(
date
)
Returns the weekday index fordate
(0
= Monday,1
= Tuesday, …6
= Sunday).
mysql>
SELECT WEEKDAY('2008-02-03 22:23:00');
-> 6 mysql>SELECT WEEKDAY('2007-11-06');
-> 1 -
WEEKOFYEAR(
date
)
Returns the calendar week of the date as a number in the range from1
to53
.WEEKOFYEAR()
is a compatibility function that is equivalent toWEEK(
.date
,3)
mysql>
SELECT WEEKOFYEAR('2008-02-20');
-> 8 -
YEAR(
date
)
Returns the year fordate
, in the range1000
to9999
, or0
for the “zero” date.
mysql>
SELECT YEAR('1987-01-01');
-> 1987 -
YEARWEEK(
,date
)YEARWEEK(
date
,mode
)
Returns year and week for a date. Themode
argument works exactly like themode
argument toWEEK()
. The year in the result may be different from the year in the date argument for the first and the last week of the year.
mysql>
Note that the week number is different from what theSELECT YEARWEEK('1987-01-01');
-> 198653WEEK()
function would return (0
) for optional arguments0
or1
, asWEEK()
then returns the week in the context of the given year.